Frontiers in Genomics: Satchidananda Panda
Circadian Rhythms and Time-restricted feeding in health and disease

Resumen
To thrive on this planet with a 24 h day:night cycle, we are designed to have almost every gene in our genome to rise and fall at an appropriate time in at least one organ. This dynamic pattern of gene expression and function sustains health and vitality. Now, we live in an anthropogenic world with the potential for chronic disruption of the circadian rhythm, leading to increased risk for numerous chronic diseases. Understanding the principles of circadian rhythm and the factors that affect it is leading to new lifestyle interventions to prevent, manage, and reverse chronic diseases. One of the pragmatic approaches to sustain circadian rhythm is through time-restricted feeding/eating. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a nutritional intervention wherein food intake is limited to a consistent 8-10 hours daily window without explicit changes in nutritional quantity. TRF can prevent and treat diet-induced obesity (DIO) and associated metabolic disease in young male mice fed an obesogenic diet, the gold standard preclinical model for metabolic disease research. Because age and sex are critical biological variables affecting metabolic disease pathophysiology and response to therapies, we assessed their impact on TRF benefits by subjecting young or middle-aged male and female mice to ad lib or nine hours TRF of a western diet. We discovered that most of the benefits of TRF are age-independent but are sex-dependent. The connection between adiposity and glucose intolerance was modulated by sex in the TRF cohort. Motor coordination and endurance benefits were also largely sex-dependent. However, TRF offered protection against extreme immune challenges in both sexes. Translation of the findings in animal models are now being tested in human studies. Some human studies on individuals with metabolic diseases show TRF can improve metabolism and lessen the burden of these diseases.

Satchidananda Panda. Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute, US

https://panda.salk.edu/

https://www.salk.edu/scientist/satchidananda-panda/

Frontiers in Genomics